Effective management of land resources is vital to the sustainability of local farming systems in the hills of Nepal and to wider poverty alleviation. In the past many management strategies have been developed and implemented with great success but then do not spread beyond the locality of the initial project. This points to a need for library or database of agricultural information that is easily accessible. Of equal importance however is the policy environment. Constraints to the wider uptake of these strategies can exist in the policy frameworks of central and local government and in international and national development organisations. Clearly farmers need incentives in order to change their behaviour and government policies and the way in which they are implemented are key to this process.